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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. SwayDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. SwayDB vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonSwayDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresAn embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storageA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#387  Overall
#61  Key-value stores
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.orgswaydb.simer.auwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperMicrosoftSimer PlahaTimescale
Initial release20192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB20182017
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases10 R1, October 20182.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoGNU Affero GPL V3.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCScalaC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnonumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infodistributed, parallel query executionnoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Kotlin
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioningnoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoMVCCAtomic execution of operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgres-XLSwayDBTimescaleDB
Recent citations in the news

We’re retiring Azure Time Series Insights on 7 July 2024 – transition to Azure Data Explorer | Azure updates
31 May 2024, Microsoft

Update records in a Kusto Database (public preview) | Azure updates
20 February 2024, Microsoft

Public Preview: Azure Data Explorer connector for Apache Flink | Azure updates
8 January 2024, Microsoft

Announcing General Availability to migrate Virtual Network injected Azure Data Explorer Cluster to Private Endpoints ...
5 February 2024, Microsoft

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22 August 2019, Packt Hub

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