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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. StarRocks

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAn open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache Doris
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.orgwww.starrocks.io
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_intro
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023
Initial release20191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2020
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases16.3, May 20242.5.3, March 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
MySQL protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rights

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQLStarRocks
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Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

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