DB-EnginesExtremeDB: mitigate connectivity issues in a DBMSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQL.JS vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. SQL.JS vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLPort of SQLite to JavaScriptEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.57
Rank#248  Overall
#114  Relational DBMS
Score2.05
Rank#129  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.12
Rank#344  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.orgsql.js.orgwww.stardog.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org/­docssql.js.org/­documentation/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by othersStardog-Union
Initial release20191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201220102009
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases16.2, February 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJavaScriptJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JavaScript APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnoyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Clusternone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency in HA-Clusternone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and rolesno

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiespgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQLSQL.JSStardogTinkerGraph
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

Recent citations in the news

Azure Data Explorer: Log and telemetry analytics benchmark
16 August 2022, Microsoft

Providing modern data transfer and storage service at Microsoft with Microsoft Azure - Inside Track Blog
13 July 2023, Microsoft

General availability: New KQL function to enrich your data analysis with geographic context | Azure updates
6 June 2023, Microsoft

Public Preview: Azure Cosmos DB to Azure Data Explorer Synapse Link | Azure updates
9 January 2023, Microsoft

Azure Data Explorer and Stream Analytics for anomaly detection
16 January 2020, Microsoft

provided by Google News

Why PostgreSQL Is the Bedrock for the Future of Data
26 April 2024, hackernoon.com

Introducing OCI Database with PostgreSQL: Completing Our Cloud Database Suite for Every Need
14 November 2023, blogs.oracle.com

Amazon Aurora Global Database for PostgreSQL now supports write forwarding
9 November 2023, AWS Blog

PeerDB raises $3.6M to accelerate PostgreSQL data movement
11 April 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Did One Guy Just Stop a Huge Cyberattack?
3 April 2024, The New York Times

provided by Google News

9 Best JavaScript and TypeScript ORMs for 2024 — SitePoint
22 March 2023, SitePoint

Execute millions of SQL statements in milliseconds in the browser with WebAssembly and Web Workers.
14 January 2017, hackernoon.com

SQLite On The Web: Absurd-sql
24 August 2021, Hackaday

Running PostgreSQL Inside Your Browser
8 September 2022, iProgrammer

LokiJS - A JavaScript Database
18 November 2014, iProgrammer

provided by Google News

Automated testing of Amazon Neptune data access with Apache TinkerPop Gremlin | Amazon Web Services
28 September 2022, AWS Blog

Simple Deployment of a Graph Database: JanusGraph | by Edward Elson Kosasih
12 October 2020, Towards Data Science

Why developers like Apache TinkerPop, an open source framework for graph computing | Amazon Web Services
27 September 2021, AWS Blog

InfiniteGraph Gets Support for Common Graph Database Language and More
21 February 2012, SiliconANGLE News

Introducing Gremlin query hints for Amazon Neptune | AWS Database Blog
26 February 2019, AWS Blog

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

SingleStore logo

Build AI apps with Vectors on SQL and JSON with milliseconds response times.
Try it today.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Ontotext logo

GraphDB allows you to link diverse data, index it for semantic search and enrich it via text analysis to build big knowledge graphs. Get it free.

Present your product here