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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. TimescaleDB vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. TimescaleDB vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score3.05
Rank#97  Overall
#17  Document stores
#16  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#354  Overall
#37  Graph DBMS
#15  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlwww.timescale.comvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmldocs.timescale.comvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesOracleTimescaleVelocityDB Inc
Initial release20191994201120172011
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 202124.1, May 20242.15.0, May 20247.x
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaCC#
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86
Linux
OS X
Windows
Any that supports .NET
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesoptionalnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.Net
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnonouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynonoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneShardingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featureSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknowith Hadoop integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)ACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesnoyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infooff heap cachenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardBased on Windows Authentication

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLOracle NoSQLTimescaleDBVelocityDB
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