DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenTSDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenTSDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Scalable Time Series DBMS based on HBase

Widely used in-process key-value store

RDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Time Series DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.38
Rank	#77	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Score	1.68
Rank	#146	Overall
	#12	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#117	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	4.25
Rank	#79	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

opentsdb.net

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sql-anywhere.html

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

opentsdb.net/docs/build/html/index.html

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_SQL_Anywhere

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Microsoft

currently maintained by Yahoo and other contributors

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

SAP

formerly Sybase

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2019

2011

1994

1992

2000

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

18.1.40, May 2020

17, July 2015

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

LGPL

Open Source

commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

numeric data for metrics, strings for tags

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

yes

Secondary indexes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API
Telnet API

ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

only for the SQL API

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

based on HBase

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

selectable replication factor

based on HBase

Source-replica replication

Database mirroring

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

based on HBase

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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