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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. Solr vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. Solr vs. TigerGraph vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score41.02
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
solr.apache.orgwww.tigergraph.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.nebula-graph.iosolr.apache.org/­resources.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperMicrosoftVesoft Inc.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20192019200620172009
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases9.6.1, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)Linux
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Strong typed schemayes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesnono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageSolr Parallel SQL InterfaceSQL-like query language (GSQL)no
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsJava pluginsyesno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocolyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDoptimistic lockingACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access controlyesRole-based access controlno
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphSolrTigerGraphTinkerGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphSolrTigerGraphTinkerGraph
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