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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Sphinx vs. Splice Machine vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Sphinx vs. Splice Machine vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSphinx  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerOpen source search engine for searching in data from different sources, e.g. relational databasesOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#56  Overall
#5  Search engines
Score0.54
Rank#244  Overall
#114  Relational DBMS
Score1.11
Rank#174  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasesphinxsearch.comsplicemachine.comsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlsphinxsearch.com/­docssplicemachine.com/­how-it-workssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftSphinx Technologies Inc.Splice MachineSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release20192010200120142022
Current releasecloud service with continuous releasesV123.5.1, February 20233.1, March 2021v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial licence availableOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaRust
Server operating systemshostedhostedFreeBSD
Linux
NetBSD
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like query language (SphinxQL)yesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocolJDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++ infounofficial client library
Java
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby infounofficial client library
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLnoyes infoJava
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportedShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonoYes, via Full Spark Integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Sphinx index.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSphinxSplice MachineSurrealDB
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