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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OpenQM vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OpenQM vs. SpaceTime

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMSSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.28
Rank#291  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qmwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftRocket Software, originally Martin PhillipsMireo
Initial release2019201019932020
Current releasecloud service with continuous releasesV123.4-12
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedAIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes infowith some exceptionsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesno
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesnoA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLyesno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availableyesReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelyes

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOpenQM infoalso called QMSpaceTime
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Recent citations in the news

We’re retiring Azure Time Series Insights on 7 July 2024 – transition to Azure Data Explorer
31 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

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5 February 2024, azure.microsoft.com

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27 May 2024, azure.microsoft.com

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