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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. mSQL vs. MySQL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. mSQL vs. MySQL vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServermSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score1083.74
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasehughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.mysql.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldev.mysql.com/­docdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunStardog-Union
Initial release20192010199419952010
Current releasecloud service with continuous releasesV124.4, October 20218.4.0, April 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
Implementation languageC++CC and C++Java
Server operating systemshostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersyes infowith proprietary extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLnoyes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnoyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonehorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzuremSQL infoMini SQLMySQLStardog
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