DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. openGemini vs. Postgres-XL vs. SQLite vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. openGemini vs. Postgres-XL vs. SQLite vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

An open source distributed Time Series DBMS with high concurrency, high performance, and high scalability

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.09
Rank	#361	Overall
	#37	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.opengemini.org
github.com/openGemini

www.postgres-xl.org

www.sqlite.org

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.opengemini.org/guide

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Microsoft

Huawei and openGemini community

Dwayne Richard Hipp

8Kdata

Initial release

2014

2022

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2000

2016

Current release

1.1, July 2023

10 R1, October 2018

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

server-less

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

Integer, Float, Boolean, String

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

HTTP REST

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

MVCC

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Administrators and common users accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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