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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tibero vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tibero vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from OracleFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#148  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Score4.99
Rank#65  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.postgresql.orgus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tiberotrino.io
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docstechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.htmltrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTmaxSoftTrino Software Foundation
Initial release201419841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20032012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release7.4.1.1, 202116.3, May 20246, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC and AssemblerJava
Server operating systemshostedHP Open VMSFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Persistent Stored Procedure (PSM)yes, depending on connected data-source
TriggersJavaScriptyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or compositedepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
depending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionyes, on a single nodeACIDACIDdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)SQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracle RdbPostgreSQLTiberoTrino
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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