DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Coherence vs. Riak KV vs. TiDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle Coherence vs. Riak KV vs. TiDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Oracles in-memory data grid solution

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Key-value store

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.97
Rank	#129	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Score	4.01
Rank	#79	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Score	4.25
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

pingcap.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Microsoft

Oracle

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

PingCAP, Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2014

2007

2009

2016

2019

Current release

14.1, August 2023

3.2.0, December 2022

8.1.0, May 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

Go, Rust

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X

Linux

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C++
Java

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

Erlang

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Live Events

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, with selectable consistency level

selectable replication factor

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

links between data sets can be stored

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

configurable

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optionally

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

yes, using Riak Security

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
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Licensing and pricing models

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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