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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. Teradata Aster vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL vs. Teradata Aster vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score0.08
Rank#369  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbnsdb.iowww.postgresql.orgwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbnsdb.io/­Architecturewww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTeradata
Initial release201420171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20052017
Current release16.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ScalaCC++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes infoin Aster File Storeno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.R packagesyes
TriggersJavaScriptyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesUsing Apache Luceneyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNSDbPostgreSQLTeradata AsterTigerGraph
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