DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Riak KV

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Key-value store

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	4.48
Rank	#75	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Score	4.10
Rank	#82	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

Developer

Microsoft

Oracle

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

Initial release

2014

2012

1989

2011

2009

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

23.3, December 2023

3.2.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Erlang

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

restricted

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Erlang

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

with Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

links between data sets can be stored

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

optimistic locking

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

yes, using Riak Security

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