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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Neo4j

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score22.94
Rank#26  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#2  Wide column stores
Score14.22
Rank#37  Overall
#23  Relational DBMS
Score47.91
Rank#20  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsneo4j.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release201420162007
Current release5.23, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptTransact SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
TriggersJavaScriptnoyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelyesUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNeo4j
News

This Week in Neo4j: NODES, Knowledge Graph, Graph Analytics, MCP and more
10 May 2025

Aura Graph Analytics: A Technical Deep Dive
7 May 2025

Introducing Neo4j Aura Graph Analytics: Scalable, Easy-to-Deploy Graph Analytics for Any Data Source
7 May 2025

Agentic GraphRAG for Commercial Contracts
5 May 2025

Simplify Modern Application Development With GraphQL on Neo4j AuraDB
30 April 2025

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNeo4j
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