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DBMS > Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. TinkerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelSearch engineVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.75
Rank#58  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score3.01
Rank#89  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#345  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchmilvus.iowww.postgresql.orgtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release201520191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2009
Current releaseV12.4.4, May 202416.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusPostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++, GoCJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
JavaScript
Python
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyes infousing Azure authenticationRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure AI SearchMilvusPostgreSQLTinkerGraph
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
Microsoft Azure AI SearchMilvusPostgreSQLTinkerGraph
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