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DBMS > Microsoft Access vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Access vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.postgresql.orgrealm.iowww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accesswww.postgresql.org/­docsrealm.io/­docsdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Timescale
Initial release19921989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20142017
Current release1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201916.3, May 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoBSDOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC
Server operating systemsWindows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyesyes infoChange Listenersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoIn-Memory realmno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft AccessPostgreSQLRealmTimescaleDB
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