DBMS > Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB vs. SAP HANA vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrientDB vs. SAP HANA vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.02
Rank	#98	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	44.69
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

memgraph.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

orientdb.org

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

trino.io

Technical documentation

memgraph.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

help.sap.com/hana

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Memgraph Ltd

Microsoft

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

SAP

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2017

1989

2010

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.2.29, March 2024

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Appliance or cloud-service

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

APIs and other access methods

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java, Javascript

SQLScript, R

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

yes

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

yes

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

yes

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
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Competitive advantages

Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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