DBMS > MaxDB vs. Milvus vs. Oracle vs. PouchDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison MaxDB vs. Milvus vs. Oracle vs. PouchDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Widely used RDBMS

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.32
Rank	#112	Overall
	#55	Relational DBMS

Score	2.31
Rank	#113	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	2.28
Rank	#115	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

maxdb.sap.com

milvus.io

www.oracle.com/database

pouchdb.com

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

maxdb.sap.com/documentation

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

docs.oracle.com/en/database

pouchdb.com/guides

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997

Oracle

Apache Software Foundation

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

1984

2019

1980

2012

2004

Current release

7.9.10.12, February 2024

2.3.4, January 2024

23c, September 2023

7.1.1, June 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

C++

C++, Go

C and C++

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

JavaScript

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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