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DBMS > MarkLogic vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison MarkLogic vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.marklogic.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.postgresql.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.marklogic.comdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.postgresql.org/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMarkLogic Corp.Vesoft Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software FoundationTeradata
Initial release200120191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20142005
Current release11.0, December 202216.3, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++CScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedStrong typed schemayesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoSQL92SQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noR packages
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnonoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes, with Range Indexesyesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
MarkLogicNebulaGraphPostgreSQLSpark SQLTeradata Aster
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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