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DBMS > MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.progress.com/­marklogicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
neo4j.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.nebula-graph.ioneo4j.com/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftVesoft Inc.Neo4j, Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release20012014201920072010
Current release11.0, December 20225.20, May 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++C++Java, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedschema-freeStrong typed schemaschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoSQL92SQL-like query languageSQL-like query languagenoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptJavaScriptuser defined functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersyesJavaScriptyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceCausal Clustering using Raft protocolCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes, with Range Indexesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelRole-based access controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
MarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNebulaGraphNeo4jStardog
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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