DBMS > Lovefield vs. NebulaGraph vs. OrientDB vs. Redis vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Lovefield vs. NebulaGraph vs. OrientDB vs. Redis vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments

Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Key-value store

Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

with RedisJSON
Graph DBMS

with RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

with RediSearch
Time Series DBMS

with RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	157.80
Rank	#6	Overall
	#1	Key-value stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Website

google.github.io/lovefield

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

orientdb.org

redis.com
redis.io

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.nebula-graph.io

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

docs.redis.com/latest/index.html
redis.io/docs

Developer

Google

Vesoft Inc.

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo

Development sponsored by Redis Inc.

Mireo

Initial release

2014

2019

2010

2009

2020

Current release

2.1.12, February 2017

3.2.29, March 2024

7.2.4, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

with RediSearch module

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language, no joins

with RediSQL module

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

JavaScript

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Java, Javascript

Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)

Triggers

Using read-only observers

Hooks

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

Multi-source replication

with Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication

Chained replication is supported

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

through RedisGears

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

using RocksDB

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption
Password-based authentication

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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