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DBMS > atoti vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison atoti vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameatoti  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.In-memory JavaScript DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelObject oriented DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Spatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.56
Rank#245  Overall
#10  Object oriented DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.60
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websiteatoti.iogithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.orgwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationdocs.atoti.iotechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperActiveViamMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAlessandro Furieri
Initial release201420191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2008
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases16.3, May 20245.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree versions availableOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptCC++
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLMultidimensional Expressions (MDX)noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesJavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPythonView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single collection possiblenoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

More information provided by the system vendor

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3rd partiesNavicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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More resources
atotiLokiJSMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQLSpatiaLite
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