DBMS > LokiJS vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Access vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison LokiJS vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Access vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Oracle NoSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Microsoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries.

The Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)

Widely used in-process key-value store

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Primary database model

Document store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.48
Rank	#262	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	0.32
Rank	#290	Overall
	#132	Relational DBMS

Score	105.40
Rank	#11	Overall
	#8	Relational DBMS

Score	2.52
Rank	#114	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	2.96
Rank	#103	Overall
	#18	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#52	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

google.github.io/lovefield

www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/access

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

Technical documentation

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

developer.microsoft.com/en-us/access

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

Developer

Google

Microsoft

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Oracle

Initial release

2014

1992

1994

2011

Current release

2.1.12, February 2017

1902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019

18.1.40, May 2020

23.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Bundled with Microsoft Office

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Java

Server operating systems

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Windows

Not a real database server, but making use of DLLs

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

but not compliant to any SQL standard

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

JavaScript

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

since Access 2010 using the ACE-engine

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

but no files for transaction logging

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

but no files for transaction logging

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

a simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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2 May 2013, Paul Andlinger

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3 December 2012, Matthias Gelbmann

New DB-Engines Ranking shows the popularity of database management systems
3 October 2012, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

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