DBMS > LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. SpaceTime vs. Titan vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. SpaceTime vs. Titan vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.03
Rank	#392	Overall
	#8	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.47
Rank	#157	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

rdf4j.org

www.mireo.com/spacetime

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Mireo

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2011

2004

2020

2012

2010

Current release

1.23, February 2021

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Java

Java, C++

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Java
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Python

Clojure
Java
Python

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Fixed-grid hypercubes

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graph

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

yes

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Graph DBMS increased their popularity by 500% within the last 2 years
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