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DBMS > LevelDB vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument storeRDF storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.75
Rank#107  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.01
Rank#101  Overall
#17  Document stores
Score0.71
Rank#231  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbravendb.netrdf4j.orgspark.apache.org/­sqltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdravendb.net/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGoogleHibernating RhinosSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20112010200420142014
Current release1.23, February 20215.4, July 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C#JavaScalaC++, Java
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (RQL)noSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesnoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replicationnonenoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usednoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAuthorization levels configured per client per databasenonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
LevelDBRavenDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSpark SQLTrafodion
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