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DBMS > LevelDB vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument storeRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbravendb.netrdf4j.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdravendb.net/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperGoogleHibernating RhinosSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release2011201020042014
Current release1.23, February 20215.4, July 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C#JavaScala
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (RQL)noSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replicationnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAuthorization levels configured per client per databasenono

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More resources
LevelDBRavenDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSpark SQL
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