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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelKey-value storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbneo4j.comwww.stardog.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdneo4j.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comtypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleNeo4j, Inc.Stardog-UnionVaticle
Initial release2011200720102016
Current release1.23, February 20215.19, April 20247.3.0, May 20202.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaJavaJava
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnoyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j FabricnoneSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and rolesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBNeo4jStardogTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
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