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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Neo4j vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Neo4j vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQLA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeGraph DBMSRDF storeDocument store
Relational DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbneo4j.comrdf4j.orgwww.sequoiadb.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdneo4j.com/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationwww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=index
DeveloperGoogleNeo4j, Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Sequoiadb Ltd.8Kdata
Initial release20112007200420132016
Current release1.23, February 20215.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoRDF Schemasschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regexyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
proprietary protocol using JSON
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsyesJavaScript
Triggersnoyes infovia event handleryesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j FabricnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynoneSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedDocument is locked during a transactionno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)nosimple password-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBNeo4jRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSequoiadbToroDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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