DB-EnginesInfluxDB: Focus on building software with an easy-to-use serverless, scalable time series platformEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > LevelDB vs. Neo4j vs. Quasardb vs. SpatiaLite vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Neo4j vs. Quasardb vs. SpatiaLite vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsDistributed, high-performance timeseries databaseSpatial extension of SQLiteVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeGraph DBMSTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#332  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Score1.60
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbneo4j.comquasar.aiwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdneo4j.com/­docsdoc.quasar.ai/­masterwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleNeo4j, Inc.quasardbAlessandro FurieriOpenLink Software
Initial release20112007200920081998
Current release1.23, February 20215.19, April 20243.14.1, January 20245.0.0, August 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licensesOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaC++C++C
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-lessAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes infointeger and binaryyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infowith tagsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query languageyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
HTTP APIADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyes infovia event handlernoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j FabricSharding infoconsistent hashingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication with selectable replication factornoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integrationnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoby using LevelDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoTransient modeyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trailnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBNeo4jQuasardbSpatiaLiteVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
News

This Week in Neo4j: GraphRAG, Knowledge Graphs, Open Source AI, GraphQL and more
4 May 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Nodes 2024, Data Modelling, Events, Knowledge Graphs and more
27 April 2024

GQL is Here: Your Cypher Queries in a GQL World
26 April 2024

GQL: The ISO Standard for Graphs Has Arrived
25 April 2024

What Is Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)?
24 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
LevelDBNeo4jQuasardbSpatiaLiteVirtuoso
DB-Engines blog posts

Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones
12 June 2019, Amy Hodler & Mark Needham, Neo4j (guest author)

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs
22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

show all

Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

LevelDB in Ruby — SitePoint
22 October 2014, SitePoint

Microsoft Teams stores auth tokens as cleartext in Windows, Linux, Macs
14 September 2022, BleepingComputer

Pliops unveils XDP-Rocks for RocksDB – Blocks and Files
19 October 2022, Blocks & Files

XanMod, Liquorix Kernels Offer Some Advantages On AMD Ryzen 5 Notebook
26 July 2021, Phoronix

Rust-Based Info Stealers Abuse GitHub Codespaces
19 May 2023, Trend Micro

provided by Google News

Neo4j Awards Technology Grant to Syracuse University for Mapping Misinformation Trends in 2024 U.S. Elections with ...
7 May 2024, Yahoo Finance

Neo4j Announces Collaboration with Microsoft to Advance GenAI and Data Solutions USA - English - India - English
26 March 2024, PR Newswire

Neo4j Is Planning IPO on Nasdaq, Largest Owner Greenbridge Says
15 February 2024, Bloomberg

Using Neo4j’s graph database for AI in Azure
4 April 2024, InfoWorld

Neo4j CTO says new Graph Query Language standard will have 'massive ripple effects'
26 April 2024, SiliconANGLE News

provided by Google News

Record quasar is most luminous object in the universe
20 February 2024, EarthSky

Quasar Selected by National Renewable Energy Laboratory to Help with Energy System De-risking and Optimization
6 June 2023, PR Newswire

QUASAR yacht (Bilgin, 46.8m, 2016)
3 July 2023, Boat International

Precisely measure a quasar galaxy's weight
5 June 2023, Newswise

Weighing a quasar's galaxy with precision
3 June 2023, Tech Explorist

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

SingleStore logo

The database to transact, analyze and contextualize your data in real time.
Try it today.

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Present your product here