DBMS > LevelDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J vs. SpaceTime vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J vs. SpaceTime vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.03
Rank	#392	Overall
	#8	Spatial DBMS

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

rdf4j.org

www.mireo.com/spacetime

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

docs.nebula-graph.io

rdf4j.org/documentation

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

Developer

Google

Vesoft Inc.

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Mireo

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Initial release

2011

2019

2004

2020

2012

Current release

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Strong typed schema

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Java
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Python

Clojure
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Fixed-grid hypercubes

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

none

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

using RocksDB

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

yes

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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