DBMS > LevelDB vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. SAP IQ
System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. SAP IQ
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| Name | LevelDB Xexclude from comparison | MySQL Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | RavenDB Xexclude from comparison | SAP IQ  former name: Sybase IQ Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values | Widely used open source RDBMS | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database | Columnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Key-value store | Relational DBMS Key/Value like access via memcached API | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Document store | Relational DBMS column-oriented | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Graph DBMS Spatial DBMS Time Series DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | github.com/google/leveldb | www.mysql.com | www.postgresql.org | ravendb.net | www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-iq-big-data-management.html | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md | dev.mysql.com/doc | www.postgresql.org/docs | ravendb.net/docs | help.sap.com/docs/SAP_IQ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Oracle since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Hibernating Rhinos | SAP, formerly Sybase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2011 | 1995 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2010 | 1994 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 1.23, February 2021 | 8.4.0, April 2024 | 16.3, May 2024 | 5.4, July 2022 | 16.1 SPS04, April 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source BSD | Open Source GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available | Open Source BSD | Open Source AGPL version 3, commercial license available | commercial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C++ | C and C++ | C | C# | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Illumos Linux OS X Windows | FreeBSD Linux OS X Solaris Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux macOS Raspberry Pi Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux Solaris Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free | yes | yes | schema-free | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | no | yes | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | no | yes with proprietary extensions | yes standard with numerous extensions | SQL-like query language (RQL) | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | .NET Client API F# Client API Go Client API Java Client API NodeJS Client API PHP Client API Python Client API RESTful HTTP API | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC RESTful HTTP API | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C++ Go Java 3rd party bindingJavaScript (Node.js) 3rd party bindingPython 3rd party binding | Ada C C# C++ D Delphi Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | .Net C# F# Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby | C C# C++ Java Perl PHP Python Ruby | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | no | yes proprietary syntax | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | none | horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding | shared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | none | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Multi-source replication | SAP/Sybase Replication Server | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | yes | Hadoop integration | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes. | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes not for MyISAM storage engine | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | ACID not for MyISAM storage engine | ACID | ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes table locks or row locks depending on storage engine | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes with automatic compression on writes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | no | Users with fine-grained authorization concept no user groups or roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Authorization levels configured per client per database | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| LevelDB | MySQL | PostgreSQL | RavenDB | SAP IQ former name: Sybase IQ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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