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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Milvus vs. Stardog vs. Tkrzw vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Milvus vs. Stardog vs. Tkrzw vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelKey-value storeVector DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbmilvus.iowww.stardog.comdbmx.net/­tkrzwwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.stardog.comdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperGoogleStardog-UnionMikio HirabayashiYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20112019201020202017
Current release1.23, February 20212.3.4, January 20247.3.0, May 20200.9.3, August 20202.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusYugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageC++C++, GoJavaC++C and C++
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-freedepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoVector, Numeric and Stringyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesnonoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Servernoyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javanoyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handlersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication in HA-ClusternoneBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes infousing specific database classesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole based access control and fine grained access rightsAccess rights for users and rolesnoyes
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBMilvusStardogTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
LevelDBMilvusStardogTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetYugabyteDB
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