DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. XTDB vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. XTDB vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

RDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

A distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	4.25
Rank	#79	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Score	0.35
Rank	#278	Overall
	#43	Document stores
	#127	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sql-anywhere.html

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

github.com/ydb-platform/ydb
ydb.tech

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_SQL_Anywhere

www.xtdb.com/docs

ydb.tech/en/docs

Developer

Google

Microsoft

SAP

formerly Sybase

Juxt Ltd.

Yandex

Initial release

2011

1989

1992

2019

Current release

1.23, February 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

17, July 2015

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0; commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

SQL-like query language (YQL)

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

Database mirroring

yes, each node contains all data

Active-passive shard replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

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