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DBMS > etcd vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MonetDB vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MonetDB vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA relational database management system that stores data in columnsOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­google/­leveldbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.monetdb.orgravendb.net
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
github.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftMonetDB BVHibernating Rhinos
Initial release2011198920042010
Current release3.4, August 20191.23, February 2021SQL Server 2022, November 2022Dec2023 (11.49), December 20235.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageGoC++C++CC#
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnonoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes, in SQL, C, Ryes
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding via remote tablesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.noneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
etcdLevelDBMicrosoft SQL ServerMonetDBRavenDB
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