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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. openGauss vs. Quasardb vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. openGauss vs. Quasardb vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonopenGauss  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by HuaweiDistributed, high-performance timeseries databaseA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#184  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Score0.21
Rank#322  Overall
#29  Time Series DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergitee.com/­opengauss
opengauss.org
quasar.aiwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.opengauss.org/­en
gitee.com/­opengauss/­docs
doc.quasar.ai/­masterdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftHuawei and openGauss communityquasardbTimescale
Initial release20112019201920092017
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases3.0, March 20223.14.1, January 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Sourcecommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licensesOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C, C++, JavaC++C
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infointeger and binarynumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonoyes
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infowith tagsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetANSI SQL 2011SQL-like query languageyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)Sharding infoconsistent hashingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication with selectable replication factorSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknowith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTransient modeno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardCryptographically strong user authentication and audit trailfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExploreropenGaussQuasardbTimescaleDB
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