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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenTSDB vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. OpenTSDB vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOpenTSDB  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSScalable Time Series DBMS based on HBaseTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.68
Rank#146  Overall
#12  Time Series DBMS
Score2.60
Rank#107  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serveropentsdb.netgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serveropentsdb.net/­docs/­build/­html/­index.htmldocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoftcurrently maintained by Yahoo and other contributorsTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release20112019198920112019
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releasesSQL Server 2022, November 20223.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoLGPLOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C++JavaC
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnumeric data for metrics, strings for tagsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnono
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesnoStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP API
Telnet API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanono
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnoyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding infobased on HBaseSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionselectable replication factor infobased on HBaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft SQL ServerOpenTSDBTDengine
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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More resources
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