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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedWide column storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.timescale.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release2011201920122017
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases2.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonooptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Table StorageTimescaleDB
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