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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Trino vs. XTDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Trino vs. XTDB vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queriesHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score4.99
Rank#65  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Score2.63
Rank#109  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbtrino.iogithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
www.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbtrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
www.xtdb.com/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftTrino Software FoundationJuxt Ltd.Yugabyte Inc.
Initial release201120142012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL20192017
Current release1.23, February 20211.19, September 20212.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageC++JavaClojureC and C++
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS infofor devlopment
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-freedepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infoJSON typesyesyes, extensible-data-notation formatyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultdepending on connected data-sourceyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calciteyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
HTTP REST
JDBC
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Clojure
Java
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptyes, depending on connected data-sourcenoyes infosql, plpgsql, C
TriggersnoJavaScriptnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedepending on connected data-sourcenoneHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedepending on connected data-sourceyes, each node contains all dataBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
depending on connected data-sourceStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitiondepending on connected data-sourceACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesdepending on connected data-sourceyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDByes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelSQL standard access controlyes
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBTrinoXTDB infoformerly named CruxYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBTrinoXTDB infoformerly named CruxYugabyteDB
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