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DBMS > LevelDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.marklogic.comspark.apache.org/­sqlpingcap.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.marklogic.comspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperGoogleMarkLogic Corp.Apache Software FoundationTeradataPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20112001201420052016
Current release1.23, February 202111.0, December 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20238.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++C++ScalaGo, Rust
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes infoin Aster File Storeno
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoSQL92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptnoR packagesno
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes, utilizing Spark CoreShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesnoneyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworkyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes, with Range Indexesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBMarkLogicSpark SQLTeradata AsterTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
LevelDBMarkLogicSpark SQLTeradata AsterTiDB
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