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DBMS > LeanXcale vs. LevelDB vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison LeanXcale vs. LevelDB vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.26
Rank#114  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.leanxcale.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbmaxdb.sap.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperLeanXcaleGoogleSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997MicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20152011198420141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.23, February 20217.9.10.12, February 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infothrough Apache DerbynoyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
LeanXcaleLevelDBMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBPostgreSQL
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