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DBMS > LMDB vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RRDtool vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison LMDB vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RRDtool vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptFully managed big data interactive analytics platformIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationwww.lmdb.tech/­docgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­docwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperSymasGoogleMicrosoftTobias OetikerDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20112014201919992000
Current release0.9.32, January 20242.1.12, February 2017cloud service with continuous releases1.8.0, 20223.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaScriptC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafarihostedHP-UX
Linux
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesNumeric data onlyyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleno
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
in-process shared library
Pipes
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
TriggersnoUsing read-only observersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
none
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infousing MemoryDBnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAzure Active Directory Authenticationnono

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LMDBLovefieldMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRRDtoolSQLite
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