DBMS > Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.45
Rank	#262	Overall
	#123	Relational DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.kingbase.com.cn

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

rdf4j.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1999

2010

2004

1998

Current release

V8.0, August 2021

V12

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Transact SQL

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, with always 3 replicas available

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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