DBMS > Kdb vs. MySQL vs. Spark SQL vs. TiDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Kdb vs. MySQL vs. Spark SQL vs. TiDB vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used open source RDBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.70
Rank	#53	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	1087.72
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	19.15
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	4.94
Rank	#72	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	3.11
Rank	#99	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

code.kx.com

dev.mysql.com/doc

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db

Developer

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Apache Software Foundation

PingCAP, Inc.

Yugabyte Inc.

Initial release

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

1995

2014

2016

2017

Current release

3.6, May 2018

8.3.0, January 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

8.0.0, March 2024

2.19, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free 32-bit version

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.

Implementation language

C and C++

Scala

Go, Rust

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

yes

depending on used data model

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (q)

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

yes, PostgreSQL compatible

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

JDBC
ODBC

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Java
Python
R
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

proprietary syntax

yes

sql, plpgsql, C

Triggers

yes

with views

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

yes, utilizing Spark Core

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

similar paradigm used for internal processing

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

full support since version 6.6

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

based on RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

rights management via user accounts

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
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2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
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Licensing and pricing models

upon request
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TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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Apache 2.0 license for the database
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.