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DBMS > JanusGraph vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison JanusGraph vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitejanusgraph.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerravendb.netrdf4j.org
Technical documentationdocs.janusgraph.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerravendb.net/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusGoogleMicrosoftHibernating RhinosSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20172011201920102004
Current release0.6.3, February 20231.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases5.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C#Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language (RQL)no
APIs and other access methodsJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesyes
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)noneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServernoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseno

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More resources
JanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRavenDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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