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DBMS > Interbase vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Interbase vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameInterbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLight-weight proven RDBMS infooriginally from BorlandA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDBVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.04
Rank#71  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score4.92
Rank#73  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#377  Overall
#58  Key-value stores
Score4.20
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.embarcadero.com/­products/­interbaseazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdbvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.embarcadero.com/­products/­interbaselearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKcdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperEmbarcaderoMicrosoftMicrosoftByteDance, originally TerarkOpenLink Software
Initial release19842012198920161998
Current releaseInterBase 2020, December 2019SQL Server 2022, November 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted open source version availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++C
Server operating systemsAndroid
iOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infoexport as XML data possiblenoyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
C++ API
Java API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Object Pascal
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C++
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoInterbase procedure and trigger languagenoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInterbase Change Viewsyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDoptimistic lockingACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMultiversion concurreny controlyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
InterbaseMicrosoft Azure Table StorageMicrosoft SQL ServerTerarkDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
InterbaseMicrosoft Azure Table StorageMicrosoft SQL ServerTerarkDBVirtuoso
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