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DBMS > Interbase vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Interbase vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameInterbase  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems IRIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLight-weight proven RDBMS infooriginally from BorlandA containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalabilityMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.61
Rank#72  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score4.05
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#10  Key-value stores
#1  Object oriented DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.embarcadero.com/­products/­interbasewww.intersystems.com/­products/­intersystems-iriswww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorervirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.embarcadero.com/­products/­interbasedocs.intersystems.com/­irislatest/­csp/­docbook/­DocBook.UI.Page.clsdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperEmbarcaderoInterSystemsMicrosoftMicrosoftOpenLink Software
Initial release19842018199220191998
Current releaseInterBase 2020, December 20192023.3, June 20231902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019cloud service with continuous releases7.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C
Server operating systemsAndroid
iOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesdepending on used data modelyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infoexport as XML data possibleyesyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Object Pascal
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoInterbase procedure and trigger languageyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInterbase Change ViewsSource-replica replicationnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infobut no files for transaction loggingnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMultiversion concurreny controlyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Azure Active Directory AuthenticationFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
InterbaseInterSystems IRISMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsInterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
InterbaseInterSystems IRISMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVirtuoso
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