DBMS > etcd vs. Ingres vs. SQLite vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Ingres vs. SQLite vs. UniData,UniVerse

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed reliable key-value store

Well established RDBMS

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

MultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Multivalue DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	3.16
Rank	#97	Overall
	#2	Multivalue DBMS

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.sqlite.org

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-unidata

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

docs.rocketsoftware.com/bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata

Developer

Actian Corporation

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Rocket Software

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2000

1985

Current release

3.4, August 2019

11.2, May 2022

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

server-less

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Java API

JPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

.Net
Basic

U2 Basic
C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

U2 Basic

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Ingres Replicator

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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