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DBMS > Ingres vs. Neo4j vs. SingleStore vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Neo4j vs. SingleStore vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#202  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresneo4j.comwww.singlestore.comvitess.io
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresneo4j.com/­docsdocs.singlestore.comvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperActian CorporationNeo4j, Inc.SingleStore Inc.The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s200720132013
Current release12.0, July 20245.23, August 20248.5, January 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageCJava, ScalaC++, GoGo
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredDocker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyesyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesyes infovia event handlernoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyyes using Neo4j FabricSharding infohash partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatorCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Fine grained access control via users, groups and rolesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
IngresNeo4jSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLVitess
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
IngresNeo4jSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLVitess
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Recent citations in the news

Actian Launches Ingres 12.0 Database
4 June 2024, PR Newswire

New startup from Postgres creator puts the database at heart of software stack
12 March 2024, TechCrunch

Postgres pioneer Michael Stonebraker promises to upend the database once more
26 December 2023, The Register

Actian Launches Ingres as a Fully-Managed Cloud Service
24 September 2021, Integration Developers

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Neo4j charts upward course for GraphRAG in graph databases
4 September 2024, Techzine Europe

Neo4j Transforms Its Cloud Database Portfolio to Accelerate Graph Adoption & GenAI for the Enterprise
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Neo4j eyes GenAI workloads in APAC
18 July 2024, ComputerWeekly.com

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SingleStore Partners With Snowflake to Help Users Build Faster, More Efficient Real Time AI Applications
19 September 2024, Business Wire

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Third time was the charm for SingleStore in the cloud, CEO says
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SingleStore CEO sees little future for purpose-built vector databases
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Deepthi Sigireddi on Distributed Database Architecture in the Cloud Native Era
20 May 2024, InfoQ.com

They scaled YouTube — now they’ll shard everyone with PlanetScale
13 December 2018, TechCrunch

PlanetScale Unveils Distributed MySQL Database Service Based on Vitess
18 May 2021, Datanami

PlanetScale offers undo button to reverse schema migration without losing data
24 March 2022, The Register

CNCF’s Vitess Scales MySQL with the Help of Kubernetes
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provided by Google News



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