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DBMS > Ingres vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. Riak KV vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. Riak KV vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSVector DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesVector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score4.10
Rank#82  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresmilvus.ioneo4j.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdneo4j.com/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperActian CorporationNeo4j, Inc.OpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesWeaviate B.V.
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2019200720092019
Current release11.2, May 20222.3.4, January 20245.19, April 20243.2.0, December 20221.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editionOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusNeo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageCC++, GoJava, ScalaErlangGo
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesnoyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucenerestrictedyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnononoGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
RESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsErlangno
Triggersyesnoyes infovia event handleryes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyShardingyes using Neo4j FabricSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatorCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyselectable replication factoryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsno infolinks between data sets can be storedno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rightsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes, using Riak SecurityAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
IngresMilvusNeo4jRiak KVWeaviate
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more
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